Sarah E. Turner, assistant professor of education and economics at the University of Virginia, will continue her research on how educational opportunities available in colleges and universities affect the labor market. In work previously funded by the Foundation, Turner discovered that the number of university degrees awarded in a state has only a modest effect on the number of university-educated workers in that state; demand in local labor markets is apparently an important variable. In the coming year, Turner will study how traditional student aid programs, as well as other social insurance and social welfare programs, contribute to investments in skills by older and non-traditional students.