Roth and Mary Campbell will examine how racial and ethnic identification change among multiracial individuals over time. They will investigate how patterns vary across racial and ethnic groups and will investigate the importance of demographic, socioeconomic, and geographic characteristics for predicting patterns of change. They will analyze data from the census, the American Community Survey, and Social Security records. Roth will also work on a separate book project exploring the impact of genetic ancestry tests on racial and ethnic identity, beliefs about the nature of race, racial attitudes, and understanding of family.