The two decades following World War II were a time of mass upward mobility and declining inequality in the United States, powered by strong business productivity and improved bargaining leverage for workers. The contrast with more recent history is striking. In the quarter century between 1980 and 2005, non-farm business productivity increased 67.4 percent, while the median weekly earnings of full-time workers increased by only 14 percent. And after 1980, as much as 80 percent of the gains in labor income went to the top 1 percent of workers.