Holzer will analyze worker-and company-level data from Walmart to test hypotheses about how implementing high-road employer practices, such as higher wages and increased training, might benefit both employers and employees. He will examine the extent to which high-road strategies are associated with improved company performance, reduced employee turnover and increased employee earnings. Holzer will analyze confidential data from Walmart on their workers and stores to estimate the impacts of new labor practices over the last decade.