This 1909 paper from the Playground Extension Committee of the Russell Sage Foundation outlines the reasons for recreation: that it encourages mental control over motor skills, physical development and conditioning, and even the growth moral and social qualities like respect and sympathy in children.
GEORGE E. JOHNSON was director of the Pittsburgh Playground Association.
An address to the Annual Playground Association of America regarding the benefits of public recreation spaces from a physician’s point of view, from the Playground Extension Committee of the Russell Sage Foundation.
WOODS HUTCHINSON was the Oregon State Health Officer and professor of clinical medicine at the New York Polyclinic.
From the Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, this paper argues for the importance of play in education, with data on public recreation centers in New York City.
LUTHER H. GULICK was director of the Department of Child Hygiene at the Russell Sage Foundation.
Prepared under the Playground Extension Committee of the Russell Sage Foundation, this address to the second annual Playground Congress of New York City in 1908 examines the changing role of the significance of childhood as well as sympathy for the suffering and distress of others, in particular children within the public school system.
LUTHER H. GULICK was director of the Department of Child Hygiene at the Russell Sage Foundation.
This 1909 paper traces data on Chicago’s South Park Playgrounds to argue that the presence of parks and playgrounds in a neighborhood correlates to a decrease in the number of cases of juvenile delinquency.
ALLEN BURNS, Department of Child Hygiene, Russell Sage Foundation
Delivered before the Department of Superintendence of the National Education Association in Mobile, Alabama, on February 25, 1911, this address details the rapid fundamental changes in school hygiene and children’s health in schools over the start of the twentieth century, including medical exams, dental inspections, and the rise of school nurses.
LEONARD P. AYRES was director of the Division of Education at the Russell Sage Foundation.
In 2014, 44 percent of children in the U.S. lived in low-income households with 15.4 million living below the official poverty level. Research shows that early socioeconomic (SES) disadvantage is negatively associated with children’s cognitive development and academic achievement. By the time children reach kindergarten, there are significant SES gaps in their achievement and academic outcomes. These gaps do not diminish as children progress through school, with some evidence suggesting that the gaps widen later in childhood.
Many large corporations have invested in efforts to reduce bias and promote equality in their organizations.
Recent national survey data show relatively high levels of confidence in the police among the public. Not only has this level of confidence not changed much over the last 30 years, it even appears to have slightly increased. Yet, recent evidence of and national attention to racial bias in policing seems to challenge the notion of increasing public trust and confidence. How do we explain this inconsistency?
